The operating system regulates the operations and resources of the computer by controlling the access to the central processor unit (CPU) memory, file storage and input/output device. It is responsible for scheduling resource usage to avoid conflicts and interference among processes, managing the structure and content of files stored on non-primary storage media and determining which applications require hardware components like wireless adaptors or disk drives. It also offers a method for interactive users to connect to the system via either a Graphical User Interface (GUI) or a Command-Line Interface (CLI).
Process Management
The operating systems handles the start, stop and resumption process of applications. It decides which program gets to run first and for how long it can utilize the CPU, and when it is time to stop. It can also split the program into multiple threads to allow it to run simultaneously on more than one processor. Each of these actions are controlled by a program in the operating system referred to as a process block.
File great site management
Operating systems maintain structure and content of files in nonprimary data storage. They can transfer data between memory and storage in the event of need. They can also convert virtual memory pages onto physical memory pages for faster access. This is referred to as demand paging.
It also interacts with the hardware in the computer via drivers and other interfacing software. For instance when an application needs to use a specific piece of hardware, such as an adapter for Wi-Fi, the operating system will provide the driver, and let the application access it. This lets the programmers avoid writing a piece of code for each Wi-Fi adapter disk drive, or any other type hardware.
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